Japan household spending beats expectations, but inflation risks loom

JAPAN’S household spending fell in March for the first time in three months, though the 2.3 per cent drop was smaller than expected, as consumers remained cautious despite some easing of Covid-19 curbs.

While lower coronavirus risks have boosted consumer activity since April, rising living costs may cramp Japan’s consumption-led recovery for the rest of 2022, analysts say. Inflation is at a multi-year-high in the world’s third-biggest economy, fanned by war in Ukraine and the yen’s skid to 20-year-lows.

Government data on Tuesday confirmed the March spending drop versus the same month a year earlier. The decrease was narrower than Reuters’ median market estimate for a 2.8 per cent drop, and followed 1.1 per cent growth in February.

The first fall since December was also partly due to a tough comparison with March 2021, when spending surged 6.5 per cent, a government official told a media briefing. Some items like mobile devices, cars and takeaway foods saw robust demand, the official said.

Service spending on dining and travel agencies also slightly increased year-on-year, he said.

Meanwhile, spending on fresh foods and home appliances decreased from a year earlier, and consumption still remained below pre-pandemic levels in March, according to the data.

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Household spending in the January-March quarter was down 1.8 per cent from the previous quarter, the data showed, as curbs to combat the Omicron Covid variant lasted until late March.

“Japan has constantly lagged behind other countries in economic reopening, where consumption is still hugely swayed by infection trends and hindered from recovering further,” said Takeshi Minami, chief economist at Norinchukin Research Institute.

On a seasonally-adjusted, month-on-month basis, spending rose 4.1 per cent in March, which was the first rise in three months and stronger than the forecast 2.6 per cent growth.

“So-called ‘revenge spending’ on previously restricted areas likely covered the dip from consumer price hikes,” said Minami, referring to households jumping on early opportunities to spend after the lifting of Covid curbs on in-person services.

“However, as energy costs such as electricity bills as well as food prices have been rising, the upcoming rebound in consumption might end up not as strong as expected,” he said.

With households facing bigger bills, in March, Japanese real wages fell for the first time in three months as inflation outstripped steady nominal wage growth.

Economists expect the world’s third-largest economy to have contracted an annualised 0.7 per cent in the January-March, followed by a 5.1 per cent rebound in April-June. REUTERS