Terence Nunis and Ng Kin Foong

A female polar bear on the Hudson Bay shoreline, near Churchill, Manitoba, Canada, August 2022. Rising temperatures melt away the Arctic sea ice upon which the bears depend for survival.  Scientists can calculate how much new greenhouse gas emissions will increase the number of ice-free days in the bears' habitats, and how that in turn will affect the percentage of cubs that reach adulthood.

The next step for carbon credits

SINCE the signing of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, efforts to address global climate change effectively have been glacially slow as they...