US-China tech spat is less costly than tariffs

San Francisco/Hong Kong

THE US-China tech spat is a less costly fight than the trade war. The two nations will review their deal that reduced tariffs as the White House refocuses on purging Chinese technology. The latter is nothing to celebrate, but at least the economic implications are more limited than sweeping import levies.

Officials have hinted that the deal will stay in place. On Saturday, US and Chinese negotiators will assess the so-called Phase One pact reached in January, when Beijing agreed to boost US imports by US$200 billion over two years. China has fallen short of its commitment by more than half through the end of June, but White House economic adviser Larry Kudlow earlier signalled that the pact will survive.

Investors have taken comfort, with markets in both countries rallying. During the tit-for-tat levies, business investment in the US contracted for three straight quarters last year, while factory production dropped by 1.3 per cent in 2019 - the worst year for American manufacturing since 2015. Companies from Walmart to Ford Motor were affected and passed higher costs on to customers.

It's difficult to quantify the impact the duties had on Chinese firms, but they were already hurting amid a wider economic cool-down. The export manufacturing sector makes up around a fifth of GDP and employs a lot of poor people.

Beijing's retaliation against US agriculture has aggravated domestic food price inflation, which had already been pulled up by a swine epidemic that more than halved the national pig herd since 2018. Many foreign companies also began to hedge their exposure to China by relocating or duplicating key supply chains.

But instead of highlighting China's failure to meet its import quotas, President Donald Trump has turned to tormenting ByteDance-owned TikTok and Tencent's WeChat, and wants to "clean" global networks of Chinese hardware and apps. That's a problem for Beijing's ambition to become a global technology power.

Even so, limiting the spat to one sector is still better than restarting a tariff battle affecting thousands of product lines and hundreds of billions of dollars in bilateral trade. The first phase compromise left tariffs in place on both sides, and diplomatic ties are deteriorating. But as ugly as this new normal is, abandoning the trade truce would make it much worse. REUTERS