A trader’s guide to China’s biggest political meeting of 2025

A PIVOTAL political gathering in Beijing this week could deliver fresh policy measures to extend China’s strongest equity rally in eight years and shore up the yuan, as investors weigh risks from escalating US trade tensions.

The Central Committee of the Communist Party will hold a four-day meeting, known as its Fourth Plenum, starting from Monday (Oct 20) to review main themes of the 15th five-year plan. While a detailed plan will be released only in March next year, investors will scrutinise the post-meeting readout for any policy signals ahead of a likely meeting between President Xi Jinping and his US counterpart Donald Trump.

While investor expectations seem modest, the event could help extend gains in Chinese stocks, especially in technology, solar and the consumer sectors. The MSCI China Index has rallied about 30 per cent this year, on track for the best year since 2017, driven by artificial intelligence (AI) optimism. Any remarks on stabilising the yuan or boosting its global use may also firm up market expectations that the central bank will stabilise the currency against volatility triggered by trade tensions.

“We expect continuity in supply-side priorities, with AI featuring more prominently under the ‘new productive forces’ banner alongside advanced manufacturing,” said Gary Tan, a fund manager at Allspring Global Investments in Singapore. “Any short-term measures to boost consumption after Golden Week would be a positive surprise, as the market is not pricing in aggressive stimulus.”

Here are some sectors that money managers will be watching as the plenum begins:

‘Anti-involution’

Investors will be watching for signs that the meeting may advance President Xi’s “anti-involution” campaign – a push to curb cutthroat competition and price wars. The push campaign intended to counter deflation has been in full swing for the last three months, and has bolstered stocks in sectors such as steel, solar and autos.

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An example of the campaign to curb overcapacity has been the temporary halts to lithium mining announced by some local authorities, which have boosted the shares of producers. Ganfeng Lithium has more than doubled this year, while Tianqi Lithium’s Hong Kong shares has risen about 80 per cent.

“Anti-involution is the key to profitability, and if the government places a higher emphasis on it, some of the relevant stocks can run,” said James Wang, head of China strategy at UBS Investment Bank Research in Hong Kong. Solar and lithium stocks would see the strongest rebound in case of related announcement as they are cheap or their net profit margin is low, he said.

Chips, robots

Another area that may benefit from policy initiatives from the plenum is technological innovation. Beijing has been seeking to reduce dependence on foreign technology, with steps such as urging local companies to avoid using Nvidia semiconductors.

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China’s homegrown chipmakers have surged this year amid more demand for local suppliers, with shares of Hua Hong Semiconductor rising 250 per cent in Hong Kong, and those of Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp gaining 117 per cent. Robot manufacturer UBTech Robotics has surged close to 123 per cent this year after winning a number of large-scale orders.

“Certain pockets of the tech sector look expensive, but overall the Internet and semi sector is not,” said Jian Shi Cortesi, a fund manager at GAM Investment Management in Zurich. “It’s still the area that offers the best opportunities in China equities.”

Consumption sector

Chinese Premier Li Qiang renewed a call for consumer spending to play a greater role in the economy just days before the plenum, signalling Beijing’s intent to reduce reliance on exports. That was after tepid spending during the eight-day Golden Week holiday provided further evidence of consumers’ budget-conscious behaviour. 

Beijing has already rolled out measures to spur domestic demand, including childcare subsidies, elderly care reforms and a consumer goods trade-in programme. These initiatives have helped power gains in shares such as digital healthcare provider Alibaba Health Information Technology and home appliance maker Hisense Visual Technology.

“We reiterate our recommendation of buying China new consumption names heading into the Fourth Plenum, as lukewarm Golden Week tourism spending has increased expectations for supportive domestic consumption policies,” JPMorgan Chase strategists led by Tony Lee wrote in a recent note. “This creates an attractive entry point for high-quality consumer stocks,” they said, adding that toy-maker Pop Mart International looks attractive after its recent pullback.

Yuan globalisation

Currency traders will be watching the outcome of the plenum to see whether Beijing will step up its efforts to promote the yuan’s global usage. The authorities in June responded to the weakness in the US dollar by introducing a sweeping campaign to support that process.

President Xi has urged efforts to build China into a financial power, including developing a strong currency and robust central bank. The yuan is seen as underrepresented in global financial transactions compared to the size of China’s economy, partly due to strict capital controls and a lack of liquidity in the currency beyond the country’s borders.

“We expect the five-year plan will fine-tune the language on renminbi internationalisation to promote the use and status of the currency more proactively,” Standard Chartered Bank economists Shuang Ding and Hunter Chan wrote in a research note this month. There could be measures outlined in the five-year plan for promoting yuan cross-border payments, they said.