China wins diplomatic success in its Covid-19 outbreak

WHEN President Xi Jinping was first informed of the looming threat posed by the emerging Covid-19 in Wuhan, probably towards the end of 2019, one of his chief concerns was that China would be condemned internationally as the source of the disease, which today has spread to more than 50 countries.

To deflect such thinking the president, who is also the Communist party's general secretary, came up with a strategy to depict China not as the country whose obsession with secrecy delayed decisive action and allowed the virus to spill beyond its borders but as the global leader willing to make sacrifices to protect itself and the rest of the world from a common threat.

Now, with Covid-19 having peaked in China, this narrative seems to have taken hold with large segments of the international community, with the notable exception of the United States.

President Xi set the ball rolling when he met Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Jan 28, six days after Wuhan was locked down. The Chinese leader asserted that China had released information about the epidemic in a timely, open, transparent and responsible manner.

Dr Tedros, director-general of the World Health Organization (WTO) agreed, praising China for its "openness to sharing information".

But has China been that open, and that timely, in sharing data with the WHO?

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An investigative report by Beijing-based Caixin media shows that China inexplicably delayed sharing genome sequence data with the world health body for weeks in late December and early January. The explosive Caixin Global report disclosed that the first of several successful sequences of Covid-19 was on December 27. A few days later, the national health authority ordered destruction of samples and prohibited publication of information about the disease.

But on Jan 11, the laboratory at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre published the information on open platforms. The following day, two things happened: the data was shared with the WHO and the Shanghai lab was ordered to close "for recitification". It apparently remains closed. Thus, in the early weeks, while the disease could still have been stopped, there was little transparency. Zhong Nanshan, a highly regarded respiratory diseases expert, said last week that there would have been far fewer infections if strict measures had been implemented in early December. That was when the first cases emerged in Wuhan.

Dr Tedros, at his meeting with President Xi, also praised China for protecting not only its own people but the people of the whole world. Two days later, when WHO declared Covid-19 a public health emergency of international concern, Dr Tedros said there was no need for measures that "unnecessarily interfere with international travel and trade".

This was odd since at that point almost all cases of infection in foreign countries could be traced to travellers from China. Besides, during Sars, the WHO itself issued advisories against travel to Hong Kong. Why oppose travel restrictions now?

After the United States advised against travel to China, spokeswoman Hua Chunying issued a statement chiding Washington: "Just as the WHO recommended against travel restrictions, the United States rushed to go in the opposite way. Certainly it's not a gesture of goodwill."

Other countries, such as South Korea and Japan, were commended for not banning Chinese travellers.

While doctors on the ground battled the virus, President Xi worked the telephone, speaking to world leaders ranging from Donald Trump, Boris Johnson, Emmanuel Macron and Angela Merkel to the leaders of such countries as South Korea, Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates, Ethiopia, Chile and Cuba. His message was simple. China was willing to shoulder its responsibility as a major international player and help the world curb the coronavirus contagion.

The words fell on receptive ears. More than 170 state leaders and over 40 international organisation representatives, including the UN Secretary General, expressed their sympathies, confidence and support for China. Clearly, the campaign has been a huge success.

But sentiment may yet turn against China. South Korea, for instance, is resentful that while it didn't force Chinese travellers to be quarantined, its people now have to endure this in China.

Bruce Aylward, the Canadian epidemiologist who was the lead of the foreign expert panel of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19, was asked at a Beijing press conference of the role censorship played in allowing the virus to accelerate. He answered that he didn't know because the mission did not look into it. Its purpose was simply to see what worked in countering the virus.

However, if the virus isn't stopped quickly there will no doubt be further questions raised regarding what China could have done in the early days to stop the disease in its tracks but did not do as a result of its political system.