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关税并非全球贸易的最大拖累，标准才是

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    • 标准集装箱是一个长12.2米、宽2.4米的钢制箱子，由 Malcolm McLean 发明。他通过免费公开其设计专利，极大地推动了集装箱在全球范围内的普及。
    • 标准集装箱是一个长12.2米、宽2.4米的钢制箱子，由 Malcolm McLean 发明。他通过免费公开其设计专利，极大地推动了集装箱在全球范围内的普及。 图片来源：REUTERS

    Indermit Gill

    Published Fri, Jan 23, 2026 · 02:46 PM

    本文由AI辅助翻译

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    没有什么比一个长约12.2米、宽约2.4米的简单容器更能为全球贸易注入活力了。

    它装满货物，可以同样轻松地被吊上卡车、火车、轮船或飞机。正如《经济学人》(The Economist) 所指出的，这个看似不起眼的钢制箱子——标准集装箱——对全球化的推动作用，“超过了过去50年所有贸易协定的总和”。

    如今，全球化正被推向相反的方向。究其原因，许多人会归咎于关税的增加。但实际上，标准而非关税，才是主要的推手，也是对全球化更大的威胁。

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