The predicament of economic warfare: Do sanctions work?

In the globalised economy, America has relied on the US dollar, advanced microchips and critical energy supply chains to exercise geopolitical power in the 21st century

    • Russia has proved to be a tougher adversary in economic warfare for the US than Iran.
    • Russia has proved to be a tougher adversary in economic warfare for the US than Iran. PHOTO: EPA-EFE
    Published Wed, Apr 2, 2025 · 05:00 AM

    IT USED to be that ravaging another nation’s economic power required blockading its ports and laying siege to its cities. Now, as Edward Fishman proposes in Chokepoints: American Power in the Age of Economic Warfare, all it takes is a statement posted online by the US government.

    Chokepoints is a gripping and vivid narrative about the new architecture of geopolitics. It’s one in which the US mobilises its economic and financial pre-eminence for geopolitical objectives; in this context, in its clashes with the “new authoritarians” China, Iran and Russia.

    It’s also the story of a world economy that has moved from assured globalisation to increasing fragmentation and in which economic warfare has become “a baseline feature of our world”, as Fishman puts it.