更深的分裂：美国的政治两极分化危机

美国人面临的选择并非是在相互竞争的政策愿景之间，而是在民主治理与其他截然不同的事物之间

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亚利桑那州凤凰城为保守派活动家查理·柯克（Charlie Kirk）设立的临时悼念处。尽管党派分歧与这个共和国的历史一样悠久，但今天的两极分化代表了一种性质上完全不同的现象。图片来源：法新社

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Leon Hadar

Published Wed, Sep 24, 2025 · 06:00 AM

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在美国，政治两极分化已经从民主生活中一个可控的特征，演变成一种更令人担忧的现象：公民对现实本身看法的根本性断裂。

尽管党派分歧与这个共和国的历史一样悠久，但今天的两极分化代表了一种性质上完全不同的现象——它威胁到民主治理的基本运作，并可能演变成政治暴力，保守派活动家查理·柯克（Charlie Kirk）遇刺事件就证明了这一点。

传统的政治分歧主要围绕着相互竞争的政策愿景：政府应该支出多少，在经济中应扮演什么角色，以及如何平衡安全与自由。这些是实质性的分歧，但持不同意见者在事实、民主规范和国家认同等问题上，大体上有着共同的假设。

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