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欧洲的关键原材料战略

欧盟如何在不放弃公平竞争承诺的前提下建立韧性

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    • 根据《关键原材料法案》，欧盟设定了宏伟目标，即本土开采其消费量的10%，加工40%，并回收25%。
    • 根据《关键原材料法案》，欧盟设定了宏伟目标，即本土开采其消费量的10%，加工40%，并回收25%。 照片：商业时报资料图

    Nicola Beer

    Published Tue, Nov 25, 2025 · 03:07 PM

    本文由AI辅助翻译

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    [法兰克福] 当美国总统 Donald Trump 和中国国家主席 Xi Jinping 在贸易战中达成为期一年的休战协议，暂时放松了中国对稀土和其他关键矿产的严格出口管制时，从巴黎到华沙的各大企业总部都悄悄松了一口气。

    然而，根本的结构性现实并未改变：由于中国凭借其无与伦比的开采和加工能力控制着全球供应，欧洲仍然处于危险的依赖状态。

    欧洲在制造电动汽车、风力涡轮机和国防系统时所使用的稀土磁铁，以及作为电池生产基础的锂、钴和石墨，几乎全部依赖进口。由于这些材料的绝大部分精炼过程都在欧洲境外进行，暂时中止中国的出口限制仅仅是争取了一些时间。

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