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中国的稀土真的是一件强有力的武器吗？

证据表明，中国的出口限制对西方造成的损失，将远低于人们普遍担心的程度

    • 即使替代供应无法完全取代中国的出口，它们也能确保最高价值的用途得到满足。
    • 即使替代供应无法完全取代中国的出口，它们也能确保最高价值的用途得到满足。 图片来源：BLOOMBERG

    Daniel Gros

    Published Wed, Sep 9, 2026 · 03:13 PM

    本文由 AI 翻译，关键事实请以原文为准。

    查看原文

    【米兰】2025年初，中国政府推出了一项出口许可制度，要求出口商在向外国公司出口重稀土元素和永磁体之前必须获得批准。中国在这些材料上拥有近乎垄断的地位。

    同年晚些时候，在美国总统 Donald Trump 同意减少关税和出口限制后，中国放宽了这些出口限制。

    对许多观察人士而言，此举传递的信息似乎很明确：中国在稀土领域的主导地位是一种强大的地缘政治筹码，美国和欧洲必须竭尽全力削弱这一优势。

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