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关键矿产面临万亿吨废石威胁

管理日益堆积如山的废石，是获取珍贵矿石所面临的最大障碍之一

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    • 根据S&P Global的数据，我们挖掘出的物料总量增速，已超过提取的有用矿物量增速，2023年的开采量达到了创纪录的287.4亿吨。
    • 根据S&P Global的数据，我们挖掘出的物料总量增速，已超过提取的有用矿物量增速，2023年的开采量达到了创纪录的287.4亿吨。 图片来源：BLOOMBERG

    David Fickling

    Published Wed, Oct 1, 2025 · 06:00 PM

    本文由AI辅助翻译

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    您可能认为采矿业就是挖掘有价值的矿物。但事实上，情况几乎恰恰相反。

    矿工们通过爆破、铲掘和卡车运输从地下挖出的大部分岩石都是无用的废料。首先是必须挖走的、覆盖在矿体之上的无价值覆盖层，其次是矿石经研磨和加工以提取有用元素后留下的尾矿。如今，要生产一茶匙的黄金，通常需要从地球上移除相当于一座埃菲尔铁塔重量的物料。

    如何管理这日益堆积如山的废石，是我们在未来几十年获取世界所需的关键矿产所面临的最大障碍之一。目前，这些废石的总量可能已超过万亿吨，预计到2050年将翻一番。

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