PMI

It underscores the economic challenges of the country, such as stop-start growth and strained public finances

June’s reading of the S&P Global Flash Eurozone Composite PMI rose to 49.5 from 48.5 in May

The Composite Flash Purchasing Managers’ Index for Germany fell to 48.0 in June from 48.8 in May

The composite index fell to 57.4 in June from 59.3 in May

Sector-level margin pressure appears more manageable than the headline cost data initially suggests

External pressures, including the Iran war, have added to the strain on manufacturers

It is the second-largest rise since 1997, when the data series began

The PMI remains above the 50 level for a third consecutive month, signaling expansion

The findings highlight the challenge facing Asia, as the region accounts for about 80% of the oil transiting the Strait of Hormuz